Define Function of the Body

Function of the Body:

• The study of the normal changes and activities which go on in living beings is known as physiology.

• The body consists of distinct parts such as the heart, the lungs, kidneys, etc which carry on the special kinds of work.

• Such a distinct part is called an organ and its special work is called a'function.

• The essential functions of life such as respiration, circulation, digestion, excretion, etc., are carried on by a set of organs of closely related parts that form a system'.

•  (i.n.) The digestive system which includes the mouth, the gullet, the stomach, the liver, the pancreas and in testines.

• The Cells, which compose the tissues of the body, are continually undergoing changes and become worn out. Dying and being replaced.

• During its life a cell under goes change and gives off carbondioxide and other waste products and has to be supplied with food and oxygen.

• Furthermore, the various chemical substances that make the living body are continually.

• Being used up and have to be replaced by food and fluid taken into the body.

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Define Eye and Ear and Tongue

EYE and EAR and TONGUE
1.EYE: 
a) The eyes are situated in in the front of the skull sockets and are covered with folds of skin(the eyelids) from which the eyelashes project.

b) The inside of the eyelids and front of the eye are covered by a smooth membrane(conjunctiva) and are washed and kept moist by tear fluid.

c) Through the transparent part of the eye(cornea) can be seen a coloured circular diaphragm(the iris) with a round hole(the pupil).

d) The latter varies size with in the amount of light passing through it.

e) Behind the pupil is the lens of the eye which focuses rays of light on to the light-sensitive part of the eye(retina).

2.EAR:
The ear consists of three parts: 
a) The outer ear is that part which can be seen projecting from the side of the skull, together with the canal which leads to the eardrum.

b) The middle ear situated inside the skull, receives and transmits to the inner ear sound waves concerned in hearing. It also communicates with the back of the nose and throat by the Eustachian tube, which opens in swallowing.

c) The inner ear is embedded inside rhe skull and is concerned with the sense of balance in addition to the sense of hearing. The outer ear is separated from the middle ear by the eardrum.

3.TONGUE:
a) The tongue is the muscular organ which lies on the floor of the mouth.
b) It assists in the tasting, mastication and swallowing of food.
c) In an unconscious casualty on his back.
d) The tongue tends to obstruct the throat and prevent breathing.

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The trunks and it's contains

TRUNKS AND IT'S CONTAINS

• The Arched muscular partition(diaphgragm) divides the trunks into two cavities-the upper, the text (thorax) the lower (abdomen).
• The upper cavity is bounded front the breastbone, in by behind by the thoracic vertebra of the spine. 
• Below by the diaphragm. And is encircled by the ribs. It contains the heart. the lungs, major blood vessels and the gullet. 
• The lower cavity is bounded above by the diaphragm. 
• Below by the pelvis. Behind by the lumbar vertebrae and in front and at the sides by muscular walls.
• It contains several important organs--the liver. in the upper part of the abdomen covered mostly by the right lower ribs: the spleen. 
• covered by the ribs on the upper part of the left side: 
• The stomach, just below the diaphragm on the left side: the pancreas, behind the stomach the intestines. 
• Which occupy the greater part of the cavity: the kidneys. at the back in the region of the loins and the bladder.
• Which lies to the front of the pelvis Certain reproductive organs lie behind the bladder.

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The Tissue's and Ligaments

The Tissue's and Ligaments:

Ligaments:
Thickened portions of a joint capsule are called ligaments.
They check movements beyond normal permissible limits.
 If there is simple injury to the ligaments of the joints, it is called sprain.

Connective Tissue:
consists of yellow elastic and white fibrous tissue intermixed in varying proportions.
It is present in many parts of the body and forms a layer between the skin and under-lying flesh all over the body.
fat being contained between its meshes. often in large quantties. 
The chief use of connective tissue is to bind parts together The skin covers the whole of the body and protects the under-lying structures.
It consists of two layers. The outer or hard layer(cuticle) and the inner layer true skin or dermis).
In the latter are numerous glands which secrete sweat(consisting of water and impurities from the blood)
The evaporation of which from the surface of the skin cools it and helps to regulate the temperature of the body.

Tags: The Tissues, The ligaments, Connective tissue, Human Body, Dermis outer layer, Ligaments of the joints

The muscles and nerves

MUSCLES AND NERVES
1.MUSCLES:
The muscles to the layman mean flesh and are primarily meant to produce movement of the limbs and organs. There are broadly two types of muscles, viz.
Voluntary muscles which can cause movement under the dictates of will and involuntary muscles like those found in the heart which continues to work even without the dictates the will.

2.NERVES:
The muscles go into action called contraction by stimuli of nerves arising from brain or spinal cord carrying the damage to the nerves result in paralysis of the muscles just as cutting the wire between a battery and the Bulb, impedes the flow of electricity.

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The Bone foots and joints

THE FOOTS AND JOINTS
1. The foots:
These comprise 7 irregular bones-tarsus at the 'instep'. 
The largest, the heel bone and the uppermost forms the lower parts of the ankle joint.

2. The Joints:
Joints are the junction of two or more bones. These may be no movement as in skull or there may be free movements as in knee, elbow, shoulder and hip joints.
In movable joints, the ends of the bones are covered by cartilage and is overall again encased in capsule with some lubricant material inside the joint.

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The Pelvis and Lower limbs

The Pelvis and Lower limbs
1. Pelvis
           The two hip bones joined together from the pelvis. The pelvis forms a basin-shaped cavity which contains intestines, urinary bladder and reproductive organs. There are two sockets on either sides of the pelvis. Where the thing bone join, forming the Hip bone joint.
2. Lower limbs
            The femur or thing bone is the longest and strongest bone in the body. It's upper end forms a part of a knee cap (Patella) is a small bone over the front of the knee joint lying loosely in the muscles ligaments and under the skin.
        It's sharp edge can be felt immediately beneath the skin of the front of the leg. The fibula lies on the outer side of Tibia. It does not enter into a formation of the knee-joint but it's lower end forms the outer parts of the ankle-joint.

Tags: Bones crack, Bone attachment, First Aid, First Aid General, First aid tips, Hospital, Human Body, Treatment, Lower limbs, Pelvis, Loosely muscles, Bone function, shoulder bones